 The University of California’s Hispanic-Serving Institutions (HSI) Initiative recently released a report titled “La Lucha Sigue: The University of California’s Role as a Hispanic-Serving Research Institution System.” With an eye on the Latinx communities’ future in-state growth and vital contributions to California’s economy, the HSI Initiative gives UC leaders a window into the Latinx student experience, while highlighting California’s looming economic challenges.
According to the Public Policy Institute of California, the state faces a shortage of 1.1 million college graduates by 2030. In order to address this shortfall, the report details how Latinx communities will make up an even larger share of UC campus populations and offers a blueprint for UC leaders on how to foster Latinx student success in the years ahead. As “La Lucha Sigue: The University of California’s Role as a Hispanic-Serving Research Institution System” states, this document “provides recent, foundational information grounded in data to provide readers an understanding of the changing California demographics that have led to UC’s high Latinx enrollment numbers. In an effort to move conversations beyond access and enrollment, this report also showcases academic outcomes for Latinxs enrolled at UC over time.” It goes on to state, “Ultimately, as the authors of this report, we perceive an ongoing need to focus on Latinx students and their experiences at UC. We contend that by leveraging UC’s role as an [Hispanic-Serving Research Institution] HSRI system, the university is well-positioned to make significant contributions to research, policy, and practice across the nation.” UC has seen exponential growth in its Latinx student populations. In 1992, UC’s Latino Eligibility Taskforce found that just 4 percent of California Latinx high school graduates were eligible for admission to UC. Now, 45 percent of Latinx public high school graduates are UC-eligible. This growth has propelled five out of nine undergraduate UC campuses to secure federal designations as Hispanic-Serving Institutions (HSIs): UC Irvine, UC Merced, UC Riverside, UC Santa Barbara and UC Santa Cruz. The remaining four undergraduate campuses, UC Berkeley, UC Davis, UCLA and UC San Diego, are emerging HSIs, deemed as institutions with 15 to 24 percent Latinx undergraduate enrollment, as defined by Excelencia in Education, a national nonprofit dedicated to Latinx student success in higher education. As an HSRI system, UC is now poised to build on the tremendous progress already made. “UC-HSI provides us with a progress report for UC to better understand how our efforts have borne fruit, and a blueprint for transformational leadership for us to become the model Hispanic-Serving Research Institution system in support of Latinx and other students from underrepresented groups,” said Dr. Yvette Gullatt, vice president for Graduate and Undergraduate Affairs and vice provost for Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion. As the report demonstrates, enrollment numbers for Latinx students at UC are surging. From 2009-19, UC saw an 89.8 percent increase in enrolled Latinx students with the greatest increases in Latinx enrollment occurring at UC’s now-designated Hispanic-Serving Institutions: Irvine, Merced, Riverside, Santa Barbara and Santa Cruz. Collectively, these five campuses increased their Latinx student enrollment by over 90 percent during the same period. The report also finds areas for additional growth and strategic improvement at UC including in Latinx student graduation rates, in fostering greater Latinx student postgraduate enrollment, and in recruiting additional Latinx faculty. In its study, the UC-HSI Initiative identifies key findings for UC to consider. Some of them include leveraging the University’s HSI status to expand efforts beyond the recruitment and enrollment of Latinx students to the retention, timely graduation, and post-baccalaureate pathways for these students. As the authors highlight, “by increasing the number of Latinx graduate students and retaining and graduating them, UC can foster the next generation of faculty, leaders, and critical thinkers who are representative of the demographics of the state.” The authors also suggest that by creating a definition of “serving” for individual campuses and the UC system as a whole, a conversation can begin on creating new indicators for academic success that better encompass the holistic experiences of Latinx students at UC. Additionally, the report urges the University to consider opportunities for creating a statewide learning community between UC, the California State University (CSU) system, and California Community Colleges (CCC) to share knowledge, expertise, and best practices for Latinx student success as this population becomes an even greater share of California’s college student population. The University of California Hispanic-Serving Institutions Initiative plans to release additional reports in this series exploring UC’s unique position as a doctoral-granting, research-intensive, public HSRI and further detailing how Latinx UC students experience campus climate. You may find further information on the Hispanic-Serving Institutions Initiative here. Source: University of California Website
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Taking the following courses will prepare you to major in mechanical engineering at any UC campus.  Course expectations
Use ASSIST to find the specific classes offered at your community college that will satisfy the expected coursework at a particular UC campus. In addition to the coursework above, you will need to fulfill minimum requirements expected of all transfer applicants to UC. In particular, students are required to complete two English reading and composition courses no later than the spring term prior to transfer. If you’re interested in transferring to the Berkeley campus, be sure that these two transferable English reading and composition courses articulate to Berkeley’s required courses. If you're working on an Associate Degree in mechanical engineering at your community college, there's a lot of overlap with UC Transfer Pathway coursework. When you have options, try to select courses for your Associate Degree that meet both your community college and UC requirements. The difference between what UC expects and what some community colleges require is linear algebra, a full sequence of chemistry with lab and circuits with lab; however, UC does not expect materials science and engineering. Applicable majors The Mechanical Engineering Pathway applies to the degree programs listed below. More degree programs may be added in the future so you should check back periodically to see if your major has joined this list.
Admission to different UC campuses and majors varies in competitiveness depending on how many students apply and how many slots are available. As a result, the minimum GPA and grade requirements for particular courses may vary from campus to campus. Make sure to look on the campus admissions websites to find minimum expected grade point averages for the major you are interested in. Source: University of California Website. Getting to UC takes time. So we’ve created a range of tools to help you plan. These tools will keep you on track, and let you check your progress whenever you need to. ASSIST helps you find the courses you need to meet your transfer requirements. UC TAP tracks your progress toward meeting those requirements. Transfer Pathways Guide tells you which courses work with a specific Transfer Pathway.  ASSIST
The ASSIST tool lets you know which of your community college classes will count toward your UC degree. That helps you take the right courses from the get-go, and transfer as smoothly as possible. ASSIST UC TAP The Transfer Admissions Planner (UC TAP) helps you plan your coursework and map your progress. So you always know how close you are to meeting UC’s minimum requirements, and what’s left to do. You can use UC TAP for any community college transfer process, including a Transfer Admission Guarantee (TAG) with one of our six participating campuses. UC TAP Transfer Pathways Guide The Transfer Pathways Guide lets you check if your community college courses fulfill the specific requirements of your chosen Transfer Pathway. It’s more focused than ASSIST, in that it's targeting the particular courses that make up each of the 20 Transfer Pathways. (So if you want to keep your options more open, ASSIST is better for you.) Transfer Pathways Guide Source: University of California Website There are a few different ways to get into the UC. To make it easier, we’ve created three guided options. One of these will help you move through the process in the best way for you. You don’t have to choose one of these options but many people do, as it’s much simpler. Let’s find the right option for you. If you know your major – follow Transfer Pathways. If you have a dream campus – use TAG. If you’ve decided on both – try Pathways+  Transfer Pathways
You have a major in mind.Decided on a major but want to keep your campus options open? The UC Transfer Pathway program may be right for you. This means you take a single set of courses to get ready for your major—and you can choose from any of our nine undergraduate campuses. You’ll get clear guidance on what classes you need to take, which hugely increases your chances of studying at a UC campus. Plus, you’ll be in a great position to succeed once you get here. Keep in mind that Pathways is designed for our most sought-after majors. That might not include yours—so please check! Find everything you need to know about Transfer Pathways » TAG You know where you want to study.If you have your eye on a particular campus, then good news: six UC campuses offer our Transfer Admission Guarantee (TAG) program. When we say guarantee, we mean guarantee. You submit a separate TAG application to your chosen campus, and if you meet the course and GPA requirements, then you’re in. You have a 100% guaranteed place in your major at your chosen campus. Learn more about TAG » Pathways+ You picked your major, and it’s included in the Transfer Pathways program. You found your campus, and it offers a TAG.Pathways+ is a great option if your major is covered by Pathways, and you want the freedom to explore multiple campuses while ensuring a spot at one of our six TAG campuses. It gives you the best of both worlds: a guaranteed spot at UC, and the support you need to hit the ground running when you get here. Get started with Pathways+» Source: University of California Website So, you want to transfer to UC. Great! We know the process can be a little intimidating, so we’ve broken it down. These are the three things you need to do: Plan what you want to study, and where Prepare ahead of time with your goals in mind Track your progress until it’s time to transfer  Plan
When you’re planning to transfer, keep three things in mind:
Use the Transfer Admission Planner (UC TAP) If you're enrolled at a California community college, our UC Transfer Admission Planner (UC TAP) helps you track your progress towards our admission requirements. It can also serve as your application for the UC Transfer Admission Guarantee (TAG). Use the Transfer Admission Planner to enter your coursework (or plan upcoming terms). Talk to a transfer advisor Your community college will have a Counseling Center, including a transfer center with transfer advisors. You should definitely seek out their advice. You may even be able to meet with a UC admissions representative in the transfer center to discuss your transfer options. Join us at a transfer event We host them year-round, all across the state. They’re a great place to ask questions and meet people on the same path as you. Prepare Once you’ve worked out your plan, it’s time to put it into action. Here are the four things you’ll need to work toward as you go through your transfer process. 1. The basics: math and English There’s a good chance you’ve already done math and English assessments to enroll in your college. Just make sure that whatever courses you're doing, you’re working toward passing math and English classes that are UC-transferable. Use our ASSIST tool to help you choose eligible courses. We recommend you start taking these courses early. They'll help you build the skills you need for university classes. And some UC campuses need you to complete English and math by the end of the fall term the year before enrolling. Starting early also gives you time to pass all the classes you need to in order to transfer. For example: Your college has placed you in Intermediate Algebra. But your UC campus needs you to pass Pre-calculus. You’ll want to take Intermediate Algebra as soon as possible, so you’ll also have time to complete Pre-calculus before you transfer. 2. Preparing for your major Once you’ve got a sense of what you want to major in, make sure it’s right for you. Get to know the coursework for that major at your preferred UC campuses. Wherever you plan to apply, check your major in their course catalogs. Do the classes seem interesting? Are you excited about the introductory courses, as well as the advanced courses? It’s important to think carefully about these things now. There’s no point going to all this effort, only to end up doing something you don’t enjoy. Laying the groundwork When it comes to getting into your major, there are two more things to consider: required courses, and recommended courses. Your major probably has specific requirements before you can transfer. So make sure you’re enrolled in those classes. Plus, there’s a range of recommended courses. And we would—you guessed it—recommend taking some of these. Completing them before you transfer boosts your chances of getting into the major you want, and graduating on time. Courses for any campus Decided on a major, but want to keep your campus options open? Try following a UC Transfer Pathway. The Pathways cover our most sought-after majors, and give you a single set of courses that let you transfer to any UC campus. About Transfer Pathways » 3. Picking general education classes It’s great to be dedicated to one subject, but a broad base of knowledge is important too. That’s why we have general education requirements, which can vary across UC. Depending on your major and campus, you may want to start taking these classes at your community college. About general education requirements » 4. UC's minimum admission requirements Whatever your chosen major and campus, you’ll need to meet UC’s minimum requirements for transfer admissions. Your major preparation and general education courses will count toward these. But there may still be a few gaps to fill in, so check regularly to make sure you’re on track for transfer. You (and your advisors) can use the UC TAP tool to plan and track your progress. For example: If you're a STEM major, you'll be taking lots of science and math courses. But don't forget—you also need to take humanities and/or social sciences courses to fulfill UC minimum requirements. Track We know the transfer process can be complicated. That’s why we have guided transfer paths to help you get to UC in a way that works for you. Whether your heart’s set on a specific campus, or you’re passionate about a certain major, we’ll get you on the right path. Once you’ve chosen that path, we have a range of tools to help you stay on track:
The possibility of another big wave of growth is causing its own set of problems As an elite school that educates the masses and pumps money into the economy, UC San Diego is rarely the target of strong criticism. But a lawmaker unloaded last week, accusing UCSD and its sister campuses at Berkeley and Los Angeles of betraying Californians. Assemblyman Phil Ting (D-San Francisco) told the Union-Tribune that the UC system — and those three campus in particular — “focused on admitting out-of-state students at the expense of in-state students. They deny that. But if you just look at the numbers it’s pretty clear.” Over the past decade, the La Jolla campus added 10,400 students, more than half of whom came from outside of California, notably China. Education experts say UCSD and other schools made the move to offset an erosion in state funding for the UC system. They were forced to try to pay bills and bankroll growth by greatly increasing the number of students they admit from other states and nations. Those students pay more than twice as much in tuition. Pradeep Khosla, who has been UCSD chancellor since 2012, denies that California students were put at a disadvantage. “No out-of-state (student) ever, during my time here, displaced a Californian,” he said in an interview. “Not once.” But facing mounting pressure from parents and students unable to secure UC berths, the Legislature adopted a budget on June 28 that orders UCSD, UCLA and UC Berkeley to make a roughly 4 percent cut in the number of undergraduates who come from outside of California. That will collectively free up 4,500 slots for California residents at those campuses over the next five years. The state will pay $184 million to cover the higher tuition money that would have come from out-of-state students. “We’re doing it in the fastest way possible, which is to buy out the out-of-state students and replace them with California students,” said Ting, chair of the Assembly Budget Committee.  The state is dealing with a big target. At UCSD, international enrollment hit a record 8,451 in 2020 — or 21 percent of the student body. It’s the highest figure in the UC and one of the highest in the U.S. The figure will drop to at least 18 percent, and maybe to 17 percent, under the new state budget. UCSD has huge programs in science, technology, engineering and the life sciences. The cut probably won’t hurt, because research in those areas is largely done by graduate students, not undergrads. But the cuts will be disruptive. And a second, potentially bigger challenge, could be coming for UCSD, which is nearing capacity. The new budget also proposes to expand undergraduate enrollment in the UC system by 6,230 in 2022-23. The plan, which has yet to be funded, specifies that all of those students must be California residents. The UC system says this is the largest proposed increase in California-resident undergraduates since 2003-04. Those 6,230 students would be spread among the UC’s nine undergraduate campuses. But a disproportionate number would likely go to La Jolla because the campus has more room to grow. For financial reasons, all of this is causing unease at UCSD, whose nearly 40,000 students make it bigger than the community of Rancho Bernardo. The campus raised a record $365 million in private donations during the fiscal year that ended on June 30. But the pandemic cost the campus about $270 million in everything from lost dorm and dining fees to patient service billings at its hospitals and clinics. And Khosla says the school didn’t receive full funding for about 2,000 of its students last year due to the way the UC system allocates money. All of this has occurred during breakneck growth. Even during the pandemic, enrollment jumped by 840. “I’m trying to have my infrastructure catch up with the students,” said Khosla, an engineer. “Student growth is easy. It happens instantaneously. Infrastructure takes three to five years to build.” The campus opened a 2,000-bed residential complex last year. But UCSD’s housing stock dropped by 2,000 due to the pandemic, which forced the school to reduce the number of students it puts in many rooms. Another 2,000-bed complex is under construction. But it won’t be ready until 2023, by which time UCSD could easily have an additional 1,000 students. The UC has been experiencing extraordinary enrollment pressures — partly because of its lofty reputation and partly because the state has reasonably good high school graduation rates. Many students meet the system’s tough entrance requirements. Interest rose further in May 2020, when the UC system announced that it will not longer consider SAT or ACT scores while making admission and scholarship decisions. The UCs ended up receiving a record 249,855 applications from students seeking to enroll in fall 2021 as freshmen or transfers. The number of prospective freshmen who applied to UCSD — a top-10 research school — increased by 18,326, pushing to a record 118,360. It won’t be known until October how many of the students who were accepted actually enrolled, and how many of them are from other states or nations. But analysts say that lots of California students who qualified for a spot won’t get one — something that makes many taxpayers and parents angry. “I know many well-qualified students who got denied from the University of California but got admission in highly selective private schools such as Carnegie Mellon, UPenn, and such universities...” Justin Thomas of Rancho Bernardo said in an email to the U-T, speaking as a taxpayer. “Why should a parent need to be double-taxed — income tax for California, and private tuition for their children!” Mick Soriano, a UCSD graduate who lives in Rancho Penasquitos said, “I would have little problem with shutting out-of-state students out entirely. But to be reasonable I’d be OK with a maximum acceptance rate of 5 percent. “Driving around UCSD, you see non-stop construction of new facilities ... Because of this and other reasons, I don’t believe that the UC system needs the out-of-state money that they claim they need.” Assemblyman Ting gets annoyed when people suggest that the Legislature has been stingy when it comes to the UC. “We have increased the UC’s budget every single year since I’ve been in the Legislature, starting in 2012,” he said. “There are clearly ways that the university could have become more efficient.” Over a longer period, state support is down. In the mid-1970s, about 18 percent of the state’s budget was spent on higher education. By 2016-17, the figure was 12 percent, and the UC system had taken the big hits, with funding per full-time equivalent student dropping from $23,000 to $8,000, according to the Public Policy Institute of California. There’s also tension over the way the UC has handled public funds. Ting pointed to a 2017 state audit that concluded the UC Office of the President had “amassed substantial reserve funds, used misleading budgeting practices, provided its employees with generous salaries and atypical benefits, and failed to satisfactorily justify its spending on systemwide initiatives.” That outraged lawmakers, some of whom also became upset by complaints from the parents of high school students that the UC system was overlooking their children in favor of out-of-staters who could pay higher tuition. Some of the attention inevitably focused on UCSD, with its high international enrollment.
“Will we find enough Californians to replace the non-residents? The short answer is yes,” Khosla said. “We will certainly find enough Californians. I am not losing sleep over that. “They could be on the STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) side. They could be on the non-STEM side. I want my school to be more balanced and holistic.” Source: The San Diego Union - Tribune UCLA, UC Berkeley, and UC San Diego are set to reduce international student intake in favour of admitting more Californians, backed by a state-funded budget to deal with the anticipated revenue loss. Within five years beginning fall 2022, these three campuses are set to reduce non-resident student enrolment by 7% to make room for approximately 4,500 Californians. The Los Angeles Times reports that the UC system wants to admit 6,230 more local freshmen in 2022. This comes after receiving a record number of applications for fall 2021, “in a year of high emotion and myriad questions over the admissions process and frustration over the lack of seats for qualified students.” This will come at the cost of 900 international students annually across the three UC campuses. It is expected to accommodate UC admission reforms, thus reangling the public research university system as one that prioritises qualified Californian applications. This budget support should help cover the financial losses from reduced international student intake — around US$30,000 per student and US$1.3 billion collectively each year. Chancellors say the UC system stands to lose much more latent benefits. “As state funding declined, the enrolment of non-resident students helped offset tuition costs for California students and provided revenue that enabled us to improve educational programmes for all students,” said UC San Diego Chancellor Pradeep Khosla. He maintained that non-resident students are enrolled only in addition to qualified California students, not in place of them. Their tuition — which is significantly higher than what domestic students pay — helps cover faculty recruitment, library collections, instructional equipment, and additional courses, which keeps classes small and focused. Lower international student intake, lower revenue. Under this budget plan, California is set to fund the admission of more local freshmen in fall 2022 — that’s US$180 million to cover the UC and Cal State enrolment expansion. The state will also provide US$154 million for 133,000 community college students in fall 2021. On top of that, a US$2 billion fund will be created exclusively for student housing. From 2017 onwards, international student intake at UC universities has been capped at 18% — except for UCLA, UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, and UC Irvine. UCLA Academic Senate chair Shane White calls for this rule to be analysed, along with other fundamental issues on international student intake within the state university system. UC Berkeley Chancellor Carol Christ added that the current state allocation does not cover the actual cost of instruction. “Replacing out-of-state students with Californians thus creates a budget gap that needs to be filled,” she explained. “Even more important, out-of-state and international students contribute significantly to the diversity of the student experience, and the majority of these students remain in California after they graduate.” The UC network includes ten campuses, five medical centres and three national labs. Californian universities have the highest international student intake in US. Over 160,000 are enrolled in the state’s institutions, with over 8,000 in UC San Diego. An estimated 20% to 25% are studying remotely from overseas during the pandemic, but not all may be returning. Though international student intake may soon drop in these universities, foreign interest is still at a high. According to the Keystone Academic Solutions’ State of Student Recruitment USA 2021 report, 36% of international students choose California as their preferred US study destination. This suggests that international students will soon face stiffer competition when applying for their preferred UC university. In May, the UC system proposed that every student returning from overseas must first receive a vaccine approved by the World Health Organisation. This includes Pfizer/BioNTech, Astrazeneca-SK Bio, Serum Institute of India, Janssen, Moderna, and Sinopharm. “We understand that there may be some remote instructions available as well because we do have learners from all over the world whose circumstances continue to evolve, but the intention is to highlight and continue to return to in-person learning as many ways as we possibly can,” added Vice Chancellor for Student Affairs Alysson Satterlund. Source: Study International.
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